Gearboxes perform several critical functions in power transmission systems. They allow for torque conversion, enabling an increase or decrease in the rotational force applied by a motor to meet application demands. For instance, high torque is essential for moving heavy loads, while lighter loads require less torque. They also facilitate speed adjustment, enabling a higher-speed motor to deliver a reduced and controlled output speed suited to specific machinery requirements. Additionally, gearboxes provide direction control. For example, bevel or planetary designs can redirect power at a 90-degree angle, which is vital for specific setups. Another important function is power distribution, where gearboxes distribute power from a single motor to multiple shafts, allowing various parts of a system to operate simultaneously.